Nanomedicines often rely on noncovalent self-assembly and encapsulation for drug loading and delivery. However, challenges such as reproducibility issues due to the multicomponent nature, off-target activation caused by premature drug release

1.背景在过去的十年中，金属有机框架(MOFs)已被报道用于多种应用，包括气体分离/吸附、光电子、传感、能源相关应用、催化、膜技术和药物输送。在药物输送领域，一些用于肿瘤药物输送的材料正在进行临床试验。这种网状化学的发展导致了一种新的晶体多孔材料家族的产生，称为共价有机框架(COFs)，它完全由有机支架组成，不含金属离子。这一领域出现于2005年，近年来蓬勃发展。COFs由碳、氢、氮、氧、和硼或硫等非金属元素组成，这些元素通过强共价键连接在一起，形成2D/3D晶体周期结构。由于有机合成的广泛多样性，COFs可以产生具有各种结构的有前途的材料，实现结构到功能的应用。

Ultrashort-pulse lasers (USPLs) are used in the machining of zirconia ceramics (ZrO2) because of their extremely high peak intensities. However, highly efficient and high precision microprocessing of ZrO2 remains challenging.

Crystalline metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have garnered extensive attention owing to their highly ordered porous structure and physicochemical properties.

Polylactide (PLA) stands as a prominent commodity biodegradable polymer, yet its inherent slow biodegradation under certain conditions has been a persistent challenge.

Injectable hydrogels for cancer immunotherapy are effective for both active and passive approaches. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) immunoshaping can change the tumor microenvironment to favor tumor cell elimination. The primary objective of immunoshaping is to reduce regulatory T-cells (Tregs)