English
In the era of the Internet of Things, many things can remain interconnected; However, due to the lack of soft conformal biosensors, biological systems, including those needed for human health, are still unable to maintain connectivity with the global Internet. The fundamental challenge lies in the fact that electronics and biology are completely different and incompatible, as they are based on different materials and functional principles. Especially, the human body is soft and curved, while electronic products are usually rigid and flat. The latest developments in materials and material design have brought enormous opportunities for designing soft wearable bioelectronic products, which may bridge the gap and realize the ultimate dream of connected healthcare for anyone, anytime, anywhere. We first review the historical development of healthcare and see the significant trend of connected healthcare. The following discussion focuses on new materials and material design, especially low dimensional nanomaterials. We have summarized the material types and their properties used for designing soft bioelectronic sensors; We also introduced their synthesis and manufacturing methods, including top-down, bottom-up, and their combination methods. Next, we will discuss the challenges of wearable energy and the progress made so far. In addition to front-end wearable devices, we also describe back-end machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence, telecommunications, and software. Subsequently, we described the integration of soft wearable bioelectronic systems, which have been applied to various testing platforms in real-world environments, including preclinical and clinical laboratory settings. Finally, we discussed the remaining challenges and opportunities based on our perspectives.
